Es gibt viele Methoden das Beste aus den Kaffeebohnen zu holen. Immer beliebter werden verschiedene Brühmethoden die oft Reinsorten viel reiner und lebendiger schmecken lassen.
Es gibt Filtermethoden mit und ohne Druck. Ab 7bar Druck sättigt sich das Wasser mit gelöstem CO2 und wir bekommen eine Crema, der starke Druck führt zu einem Espresso.
Jede Brühart holt verschiedene Geschmacksnoten aus dem Kaffee.
Wir beurteilen Körper, Säure, Süße, Bitterkeit, Abgang und Reinheit der Tasse.
Hier ein paar mögliche Eigenschaften der Geschmackskriterien:
Körper (Mundgefühl, Dichte):
Voll, dicht, wenig, ....
Säure:
Spritzig, frisch, neutral, würzig, scharf, herb, säuerlich, beißend, schneidend, grün, hart, delicat, grazil, mild.....
Geschmack:
Fruchtig, Wein, Butter, Karamel, Schokolade, Lakritze, Holz, Nuss, dunkle Beeren, Melone, Malz, Aprikose, Erdbeeren,....
Abgang:
Süß, sauer, scharf, weich, voll, seidig, verbrannt, trocken, lange, kurz, prickelnd....
The perfect extraction means...
...the Barista was able to extract the best out of the bean, not less, not too much.
All he needs is ground coffee, hot water and the balance of power :-)
But single origins are diverse, so the crema can have different colors and texture.
A professional Barista diagnoses the reason for those differences.
Underextraction
A too light crema can occure if the water has been to cool to have enough power to extract the sollubles and oils. A lower pump pressure can be cause, too. Or a too coarse groud that leads to a short contact time of water in the coffee. Anything that prevents the water from extracting with enough power leads to “under extraction” and therefore a lighter crema that disappears quickly.
The espresso tastes rather weak and the aromas couldn’t fully develop.
Overextraction
A too dark crema occurs from the opposite effects. Too much pressure dissolves too much solubles. Too much temperature burns the solubles. A too fine grind means a bigger surface and more extraction of solubles, additional to an extended extraction time which also leads to overleaching of the coffee. This all leads to a burnt surface and a burnt, bitter taste.